Public Health Nursing Practice Exam

What ethical consideration must a nurse keep in mind when discussing genetic testing with a client?

1. The legality of genetic testing in their state

2. Confidentiality and privacy of genetic information

3. The availability of financial assistance for testing

4. The accuracy of the testing methods used

The correct answer is: Confidentiality and privacy of genetic information

When discussing genetic testing with a client, the nurse must prioritize confidentiality and privacy of genetic information. This is because genetic information is sensitive and personal; it can have significant implications not only for the individual being tested but also for their family members. Understanding that genetic data may reveal predispositions or genetic conditions that could affect family dynamics, insurance coverage, and employment opportunities, the nurse has an ethical obligation to ensure that this information is kept confidential and shared only with the client’s informed consent. Addressing confidentiality builds trust between the nurse and the client, essential for effective healthcare delivery. Clients must feel secure that their personal health information, especially concerning genetics, will not be disclosed without their permission. Upholding this principle is a fundamental aspect of the nurse's ethical practice, as outlined in ethical guidelines like the ANA Code of Ethics. While factors such as the legality of genetic testing, availability of financial assistance, and accuracy of testing methods are certainly important considerations, they do not take precedence over the obligation to maintain confidentiality and privacy for the client’s genetic information. It is this ethical commitment to protect the individual's rights and dignity that underscores the nurse's role in discussing genetic testing.